Australia ĭuring Imperial rule in China, different dynasties gave different titles to generals. Mohammed Fahim became an honorary marshal in 2004.Ībdul Rashid Dostum became an honorary marshal in 2020 (this position is now defunct). Sardar Shah Wali Khan (died 1977) of the Musahiban and uncle of King Mohammad Zahir Shah and President Mohammed Daoud Khan, was a field marshal. That said, it is not necessary for the insignia to be a baton (Such is the case in Russia post-1991 and the former Soviet Union, which use a jewelled star referred to as a Marshal's star).įield marshal ranks by country Afghanistan The baton nowadays is purely ornamental, and as such may be richly decorated. The traditional attribute distinguishing a field marshal is a baton.
Navies, which usually do not use the nomenclature employed by armies or air forces, use titles such as " fleet admiral," " grand admiral" or " admiral of the fleet" for the equivalent rank. The air force equivalent in Commonwealth and many Middle Eastern air forces is marshal of the air force (not to be confused with air marshal). The exact wording of the titles used by field marshals varies: examples include " marshal" and " field marshal general". The German Holy Roman Empire and the kingdom of France had officers named Feldmarschall and Maréchal de camp respectively as far back as the 1600s. The origin of the term dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses (from Old German Marh-scalc = "horse-servant"), from the time of the early Frankish kings words originally meaning "servant" were sometimes used to mean "subordinate official" or similar. Examples of the different uses of the rank include Austria-Hungary, Pakistan, Prussia/ Germany, India and Sri Lanka for an extraordinary achievement Spain and Mexico for a divisional command (Spanish: mariscal de campo) and France, Portugal and Brazil for a brigade command (French: maréchal de camp, Portuguese: marechal de campo). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and also as a brigade command rank. Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). It is considered as a five-star rank (OF-10) in modern-day armed forces in many countries.
Usually, it is the highest rank in an army, and as such, few persons are appointed to it. General Sir Harold Alexander was promoted to field marshal in the British Army when he was made Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean during World War IIįield marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks. JSTOR ( October 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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